Dark Chocolate Essay Example for Free

Dark Chocolate Essay Chemistry Central Journal brings even more good news for chocolate lovers, stating that dark chocolate contains more flavanols and polyphenols than fruit juice. Cacao seeds are a Super Fruit providing nutritive value beyond that of their macronutrient composition, said Dr Debra Miller. Chocolate and Blood Pressure The important thing is that the antioxidants in dark chocolate can significantly reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension. According to researchers from the University of Adelaide, flavanols promote vasodilation, which may consequently lower blood pressure. There have, however, been conflicting results as to the real-life effects of eating chocolate. Weve found that consumption can significantly, albeit modestly, reduce blood pressure for people with high blood pressure but not for people with normal blood pressure. added Dr Karin Ried, who is program manager and research fellow of the PHCRED (Primary Health Care Research Evaluation Development) program at The University of Adelaide. The analysis concluded that the pressure reduction caused by chocolate consumption was comparable to the effects of 30 minutes of daily physical activity. Chocolate and Cirrhosis There are also potential benefits for liver disease patients. Spanish scientists found that eating dark chocolate lowers blood pressure in the liver and reduces damage to the blood vessels of patients with cirrhosis. A study which was presented at the International Liver Congress 2010 divided 21 cirrhotic patients with end stage liver disease into two groups. The first group received liquid meal containing dark chocolate, while the participants in the second group were getting liquid meal with white chocolate devoid of anti-oxidant properties. As a result, the patients receiving dark chocolate experienced a noticeable reduction of post-prandial increase in blood pressure in the liver. one Square Is Enough However, it is not necessary to eat huge quantities of chocolate in order to experience all the health benefits. In fact, just one small square a day may be enough to experience the health benefits chocolate is offering. A study performed in Germany that compared 19 357 individuals found that those who ate the most amount of chocolate (an average of 7.5 grams a day) were at a 39% lower risk of developing a heart attack than people with the lowest (1.7 grams) chocolate intakes. To put things into perspective, the six grams of difference are the equivalent of one small square of a typical 100g chocolate bar. Our hypothesis was that because chocolate appears to have a pronounced effect on blood pressure, therefore chocolate consumption would lower the risk of strokes and heart attacks, explains Dr Brian Buijsse from the German Institute of Human Nutrition, who led the research. Small amounts of chocolate may help to prevent heart disease, but only if it replaces other energy-dense food, such as snacks, in order to keep body weight stable.

Leveraging Mobile Device Applications for Boeing Travel and Expense Ser

Abstract—More companies are leveraging mobile device applications that integrate with their existing travel and expense systems to provide frequent business travelers with the necessary tools to efficiently book trips and expense their expenditures using mobile devices, thus allowing business travelers to be more productive, which saves the company money. Currently, almost twenty-three thousand Boeing employees have been issued BlackBerry Smartphones. Ninety-percent of these employees make more than one trip per month. Currently, Boeing is not maximizing the use of the BlackBerry Smartphones by using a mobile application for Boeing Travel and Expense management to decrease costs by allowing employees to be more productive. Since twenty-three thousand employees already have been issued BlackBerry Smartphones we can leverage these devices and implement a mobile device application that integrates with our current Travel and Expense Systems that we have purchased from Concur Travel. Purchasing a mobile applications solution from Concur Travel will allow Boeing travelers to save time; reduce costs; increase productivity; and better serve our customers. I. MOTIVATION Concur’s mobile capability will provide Boeing with the perfect solution for employees, managers and executive staff who no longer have to wait until they return to the ofï ¬ ce to complete or approve an expense report. Travelers will be able to use the mobile app to take pictures of their receipts and complete expense reports using their BlackBerrys. When they return to the ofï ¬ ce they don’t have to sit at a desk all day to do one expense report on paper or come back to the ofï ¬ ce just to approve an expense report [1]. The primary drivers for implementing a Concur Tr... ...al%20Report%20-%20Long%20Version.pdf. [2] Concur, "Concur Give Organization Best-in-Class Travel and Expense Experience," nd. [Online]. Available: http://assets.concur.com/case-studies/medium-large-business-travel-expense-cannon-cochran-management-services.pdf. [3] Aberdeen Group, "Mobile Technology: Filling the Gap in Modern Expense Management," March 2011. [Online]. Available: http://assets.concur.com/whitepaper/mobile-technology.pdf. [4] Concur, "Concur’s Mobile Solution Keeps Growing Motion Picture Exhibitor on the Go," April 2011. [Online]. Available: http://assets.concur.com/case-studies/cinemark-case-study.pdf. [5] Concur, "Building an Effective Business Case: Automating Travel Booking and Expense Reporting Processing," February 2009. [Online]. Available: http://www.travelwise.co.uk/business/downloads/CNQRWP-Building_an_Effective_Business_Case_NA.pdf.

A Reflection on Chasing Zero Essay

Chasing Zero, I believe, is a documentary that will never completely leave my mind as long as I work in the field of healthcare. Chasing Zero presents the topic of medical errors: it portrays the disastrous effects they can have on their recipients and how they can ruin the lives of the healthcare providers at fault. However, beyond bringing forth awareness about the harm that medical errors can cause, Chasing Zero also presents a goal. This goal is to decrease the amount of medical errors that occur, by such a significant amount, that the resulting number is zero. Zero is not an easy objective, and many people may think it is impossible. However, no matter the difficulty, it is the responsibility of every healthcare worker to do his or her part to reduce the general number of medical errors occurring as much as possible. As a nursing student, I am particularly glad that I was exposed to the concept of medical errors this early on in my training so I can actively define my role in preventing them. The documentary reminded me that I am entering a profession where my actions have real and significant consequences. A sloppy or incomplete performance in medicine is unacceptable and I must find the best way to become as competent as possible. I was immediately encouraged to become a better student in the classroom, to work harder and retain necessary knowledge that I know may be of great consequence one day. Additionally, since my skills have not yet been fully established, I can take certain measures to ensure that bad and perhaps dangerous habits which can lead to errors, do not develop. I further believe that Chasing Zero will reduce errors simply because it brought awareness of the subject to the public. Now, when people visit a healthcare facility for any reason, they will understand that the professionals working with them are human, and can therefore make mistakes. Through the documentary, people can learn to be their own advocates and to question anything that their healthcare provider is doing which is unclear to them. Chasing Zero presented many concepts to think about and a goal that, if worked for, can be achieved, at least on a personal level. As technology advances and awareness increases, this process might slowly become easier. Instruments such as bar code scanners for drug distribution are constantly being created or improved and new policies are continuously  being instituted in hospitals. I am grateful that I had the opportunity to watch Chasing Zero and I hope to be a part of the movement that strives, every day, to successfully remove the concept of medical errors from our lives.

What Was Apartheid in South Africa

Apartheid is an Afrikaans word that means separation. It is the name given to the particular racial-social ideology developed in South Africa during the twentieth century. At its core, apartheid was all about racial segregation. It led to the political and economic discrimination which separated Black (or Bantu), Coloured (mixed race), Indian, and White South Africans. What Led to Apartheid? Racial segregation in South Africa began after the Boer War and really came into being in the early 1900s. When the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910  under British control, the Europeans in South Africa shaped the political structure of the new nation. Acts of discrimination were implemented from the very beginning. It was not until the elections of 1948 that the word apartheid became common in South African politics. Through all of this, the white minority put various restrictions on the black majority. Eventually, the segregation affected Coloured and Indian citizens as well. Over time, apartheid was divided into petty and grand apartheid. Petty apartheid referred to the visible segregation in South Africa while grand apartheid was used to describe the loss of political and land rights of black South Africans. Pass Laws and The Sharpeville Massacre Before its end in 1994 with the election of Nelson Mandela, the years of apartheid were filled with many struggles and brutality. A few events hold great significance and are considered turning points in the development and the fall of apartheid. What came to be known as pass laws restricted the movement of Africans and required them to carry a reference book. This held identification papers as well as permissions to be in certain regions. By the 1950s, the restriction became so great that every black South African was required to carry one. In 1956, over 20,000 women of all races marched in protest. This was the time of passive protest, but that would soon change. The Sharpeville Massacre on March 21, 1960, would provide a turning point in the struggle against apartheid. South African police killed 69 black South Africans and injured at least another 180 demonstrators who were protesting the pass laws. This event earned the opprobrium of many world leaders and directly inspired the start of armed resistance throughout South Africa.   Anti-apartheid groups, including the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan African Congress (PAC), had been forming demonstrations. What was meant to be a peaceful protest in Sharpeville quickly turned deadly when police fired into the crowd. With over 180 black Africans injured and 69 killed, the massacre caught the attention of the world. In addition, this marked the beginning of armed resistance in South Africa. Anti-Apartheid Leaders Many people fought against apartheid over the decades and this era produced a number of notable figures. Among them, Nelson Mandela is probably the most recognized. After his imprisonment, he would become the first democratically elected president by every citizen—black and white—of South Africa. Other notable names include early ANC members such as Chief Albert Luthuli and Walter Sisulu. Luthuli was a leader in the non-violent pass law protests and the first African to win the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1960. Sisulu was a mixed-race South African who worked alongside Mandela through many key events. Steve Biko was a leader of the countrys Black Consciousness Movement. He was considered a martyr to many in the anti-apartheid fight after his 1977 death in a Pretoria prison cell.   Some leaders also found themselves leaning toward Communism amidst South Africas struggles. Among them was Chris Hani, who would lead the South African Communist Party and was instrumental in ending apartheid before his assassination in 1993. During the 1970s, Lithuanian-born Joe Slovo would become a founding member of an armed wing of the ANC. By the 80s, he too would be instrumental in the Communist Party. Legal Implications Segregation and racial hatred have been witnessed in many countries throughout the world in various ways. What makes South Africas apartheid era unique is the systematic way in which the National Party formalized it through the law. Over the decades, many laws were enacted to define the races and restrict the daily lives and rights of non-white South Africans. For instance, one of the first laws was the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act of 1949  which was meant to protect the purity of the white race. Other laws would soon follow. The Population Registration Act No. 30 was among the first to clearly define race. It registered people based on their identity in one of the designated racial groups. That same year, the Group Areas Act No. 41 aimed to separate the races into different residential areas. The pass laws that had previously only affected black men were extended to all black people in 1952. There were also a number of laws restricting the right to vote and own property. It was not until the 1986 Identification Act that many of these laws began to be repealed. That year also saw the passage of the Restoration of South African Citizenship Act, which saw the black population finally regain their rights as full citizens.